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In the coming days, a strong heatwave is expected to be observed across the republic from July 17 to 20. This was reported by Zamin.uz. Experts recommend not to expect this heatwave to be as short-lived as usual, as the hot weather may persist for a long time. Climatologist Erkin Abdulahatov stated that this heatwave differs from ordinary situations and there is a high probability that cool days will not arrive immediately. The expected hot air currents will initially affect the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Khorezm regions. Then it will reach the central regions of the country and other densely populated areas. This could create uncomfortable and dangerous conditions for millions of people. Experts emphasize that this time the duration of the heatwave will last not just a few days, but the entire week. Especially in the agricultural sector, this heat can cause significant damage. Therefore, specific recommendations for protection against the heat are being provided to farmers and growers. For example, gardeners need to cover fruit trees with special nets to protect them from the heat. Farmers engaged in cotton cultivation are advised to deeply and thoroughly irrigate the cotton at night before the temperature rises to +45 degrees. A sharp rise in air temperature also negatively affects human health. Doctors advise not to spend too much time directly under the sun on hot days, to drink more water, and to avoid stress. Moreover, this heatwave is not guaranteed to last only a week. If atmospheric conditions do not change, the heatwaves may extend for several more days. Therefore, a new "terrible heat" period is beginning in our country. Every individual must take precautions and be prepared for this challenge. It is important to protect our health in this hot weather and to adapt to the unfavorable conditions of nature.

34-year-old forward Anton Zabolotniy scored his first goal for the Moscow "Spartak" team. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. Although it was a friendly match, the debut goal will help the forward adapt to his new team more quickly. The publication "Evro-Futbol.Ru" analyzes that Zabolotniy's invitation was the right decision for "Spartak". The team led by Dejan Stankovich defeated their Serbian counterparts 4:1. In this match, the new player Zabolotniy was the author of the goal. He entered the opponent's penalty area at the right time and was in a good position. This is the classic role of a forward scoring a goal. Zabolotniy was active on the field, but he did not seem like a veteran. However, in general play, he connected less with midfielders and wing players. He fought for high balls, opened up, but there were few real goal opportunities. Zabolotniy still needs time to adapt to the new team. It would be incorrect to call Zabolotniy the main forward of the team. He is more useful as a backup option. He will help "Spartak" simplify the game in difficult situations. Such a forward is important for breaking strong defenses, engaging in battles with opponents, and applying pressure in the final minutes of the game. Zabolotniy understands his role and does not show discontent even if he does not make the starting lineup. He is considered a player who can follow the coach's instructions. One should not expect 15 goals from Zabolotniy this season. He does not conduct active pressing on the field like Manfred Ugalde. If there are no excessive demands, he will satisfy the team. In conclusion, Zabolotniy is a clear and targeted reinforcement for "Spartak". While he may not change the game, he can provide assistance in crucial moments. The debut goal was simple, but this goal instills confidence in both the forward and the coach. Zabolotniy realizes that he is useful to the team, and Stankovich believes he has not made a mistake in inviting the experienced Russian player. Ugalde is cited as a similar example, who also easily scored his first goal for "Spartak" and later became the top scorer of the Russian championship with 17 goals.

Commentator Konstantin Genich commented on Chelsea's significant victory against PSG in the World Club Championship final. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. The match ended with a score of 3:0 in favor of Chelsea. According to Genich, the Paris team was not prepared for such aggression. He emphasized that PSG seemed to have come only to play, not to reach the final, while Chelsea was on the field specifically for the final. According to the journalist, Chelsea was superior to their opponent in all indicators. Genich also noted that the Paris players lacked concentration and some players exhibited excessive self-confidence. The match result clearly demonstrated the difference in the teams' preparation levels and the quality of play. This victory was an important and historic event for Chelsea.

Deputy of the State Duma of Russia Dmitriy Svishchov commented on the words of the head of the Russian Football Union, Aleksandr Dyukov, regarding the quick return of Russian teams to international competitions. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. Dyukov hopes that the teams will return to international fields by the end of 2025. As the deputy pointed out, Russian football today is almost unchanged from its state in 2022, and no changes have occurred in this regard yet. In Svishchov's opinion, Dyukov may be aware of some nuances of the negotiations with FIFA and UEFA, but he is not sharing this information with the public. In the current situation, the return of Russian football to international competitions remains at the level of a dream, and this process will undoubtedly take some time. Therefore, football fans need to continue to patiently monitor the developments.

Footballer Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang is looking to leave Saudi Arabia's Al-Qadisiyah club and return to Europe. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. The 36-year-old Gabonese player is reaching an agreement to terminate his contract with the club early. According to reports from Lequipe, Aubameyang is eager to return to the Marseille club. The southern French club is ready to sign a two-year labor contract with the African player. It is worth noting that Pierre-Emerick also represented the Marseille team in the 2023/2024 season. Last season, the forward played in 36 matches, scored 21 goals, and provided 3 assists. His transfer value is estimated at approximately 3.5 million euros. This information reflects Aubameyang's high-level performance and interest among clubs. The footballer plans to continue his career in Europe in the new season.

Lazio fans held a protest against club president Claudio Lotito. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. The protest took place in the center of the Italian capital, according to Corriere della Sera. Fans are demanding Lotito, who has been managing the team since 2004, to step down. Posters held by the protesters read slogans such as “Politicians appointed him – politicians should remove him.” At the end of the protest, fans were heard at the Capitol and were received by Alessandro Onorato, advisor on major events, sports, tourism, and fashion. No information was provided about the content of the conversation between the protesters and the official. In the 2024/2025 season, Lazio finished in seventh place in Italy's Serie A championship. Club fans want changes in the team's management. Their demands are considered to be of significant importance for the future of the club.

The star new football player Kevin de Bruyne has chosen his number to play for the Italian club Napoli. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. According to social media, the Belgian player will take the field wearing the number 11 for Napoli. Kevin de Bruyne joined Napoli as a free agent. His previous team was England's Manchester City, where he played since 2015. The midfielder participated in a total of 421 matches for the club, scoring 108 goals and providing 177 assists. De Bruyne's contract with Napoli will last until mid-2027. He is expected to make a significant contribution with his experience and skills to his new team. He will be an important player for Napoli and will strive to solidify his position throughout the season.

The goalkeeper of Birmingham's Aston Villa team, Emiliano Martinez, is considered to be in the interest of another English club – Manchester United. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. Journalists from Tyc Sports report that the leadership of the Red Devils has made an offer to the Lions regarding the transfer of the 32-year-old Argentine goalkeeper. Martinez's market value is estimated at around 20 million euros. The labor contract between Emiliano and Aston Villa is valid until the middle of 2029. Last season, Martinez played 53 matches for the Birmingham team and conceded 61 goals. He has been defending the honor of Aston Villa since September 2020. Martinez has been actively serving as the team's main goalkeeper, making a significant contribution to strengthening the team's defense line. His experience and skills are noted to potentially be a valuable addition for the Manchester United team. Club officials are continuing negotiations to carry out this transfer.

Slovenian striker Benjamin Sheshko, whose rights belong to Germany's RB Leipzig club, is not planning to move to the Saudi Arabian championship. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. Although there are teams interested in him, the player prefers to continue his career in Europe. According to insider Fabrizio Romano, the 22-year-old striker is focusing on developing his career in Europe. Earlier, there were reports in the media that Liverpool and Arsenal from London were interested in him. Benjamin Sheshko has been representing RB Leipzig since 2023. Transfermarkt experts estimate his market value at 70 million euros. Last season, the striker played in 45 matches for his team, scoring 21 goals and providing 6 assists. Sheshko deserves significant attention as one of his team's main strikers

The Central Asian cobra and Eastern blunt-nosed vipers, which are included in the Red Book of Uzbekistan and Appendix II of CITES, are currently considered to be in a vulnerable state. This was reported by Zamin.uz. According to the information from the Red Book, the Central Asian cobra has completely disappeared in some areas, while its numbers have significantly decreased in the remaining places. There is no precise statistical data available regarding the Eastern blunt-nosed viper. In recent years, it has been found that these snakes are being illegally kept by citizens, and they have been confiscated by inspectors from the Ministry of Ecology and Environmental Protection. They were temporarily kept at the Tashkent Zoo. Subsequently, as a result of scientific research conducted by the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences, these snakes were reintroduced into the Kampirtepa, Sherjon, and Sholkon areas of the "Surkhan" State Nature Reserve. This measure was taken to restore their population in the natural environment and to preserve biodiversity. The return of the snakes to their natural habitat is considered an important step in the field of environmental protection. At the same time, it is necessary for the public to treat these unique and vulnerable species of snakes with caution. Protecting nature and preserving wildlife is an important task for everyone.

The head coach of the Samara "Krylya Sovetov" team, Magomed Adiev, spoke about the team's training process. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. Their last friendly match took place against the Moscow "Spartak" team and ended in a 2:2 draw. According to Adiev, there were no specific training days for the team following the friendly match. Nevertheless, they conducted training sessions to maintain the players' tone during the game, test various combinations, and evaluate the new players. The head coach emphasized that he has not yet determined the main lineup that will take the field in the first round. The next opponent of "Krylya Sovetov" will be the "Akron" team from the city of Tolyatti. Officially, this match is considered an away game for the host team, but the game will be held at their own stadium. The team's coaches and players are working hard to prepare thoroughly for the new season. The main goal of the training sessions is to improve the team's performance and integrate new players into the squad. At the same time, the coach is paying special attention to further improving the game tactics. In the new season, the "Krylya Sovetov" team aims to delight their fans with good results.

The forward of the "Dinamo" team in Makhachkala, Serder Serderov, shared his personal goals for the upcoming Russian Premier League season. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. Last season, he managed to score only twice in 26 matches. According to Serderov, he certainly has the desire to score and provide assists in every game, but first and foremost, playing on the field is important. He emphasized that gaining game practice is the main task. If that is achieved, success can follow. In the first round of the new season, the Makhachkala team will play away against Moscow's "Spartak." This match will start on July 19 at 20:30 Moscow time. Serder Serderov and his team will strive to achieve good results in the new season.

The chairman of the management board of Moscow's "Lokomotiv" team, Yuri Nagornix, called the "railway workers" one of the best clubs in Russia. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. In his opinion, the main strength of the current team lies in the combination of experienced players with youth. According to Nagornix, the club has always held an important place in Russian football and will continue to remain a major team in the future. He also emphasized that "Lokomotiv" should not be seen solely as a donor club for youth development. It is important to have experienced players alongside the development of young footballers in the club. In the 2024/2025 season, "Lokomotiv" secured sixth place in the tournament table. Ahead of the new season, the team added Nikolay Komlichenko, one of the former top scorers of "Rostov," to its ranks. He was previously approached by "Spartak," which will contribute to the strengthening of the team. "Lokomotiv" is also striving to strengthen its position in Russian football in the future.

According to Yuriy Nagornix, the chairman of the management board of Moscow's Lokomotiv football club, the club is capable of accomplishing serious tasks this season. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. He expects the team to secure a place among the top in the Russian championship. Yuriy Nagornix emphasized that Lokomotiv could enter the top three in the Russian Premier League competition and reach the final of the Russian Cup. He also indicated that the club's goal is to compete for victory in tournaments while developing the players. It is worth noting that last season, Lokomotiv finished sixth in the championship. The club's goals for the new season are to achieve high results and further strengthen the team. At the same time, improving the players and developing young talents is also a priority. In Yuriy Nagornix's opinion, the team can fully demonstrate its capabilities and live up to the fans' expectations. Each match of Lokomotiv this season is expected to be interesting and competitive. The club management's goal is to prepare the team at a high level and achieve major trophies.

Makhachkala "Dinamo" team's forward Serder Serderov spoke about his attitude towards the upcoming match against Moscow "Spartak" in the first round of the new season of the Russian Premier League. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. According to the footballer, the capital club is a serious rival for him. Serderov referred to "Spartak" as his principled opponent and emphasized that this opinion applies not only to him but also to other players. Last season, Serderov played in 26 matches and managed to score two goals. He stated that he aims to improve his performance and play without injuries in the new season. The match between "Dinamo" and "Spartak" will take place on July 19 at Spartak's home ground in Moscow. The game will start at 19:00. This match is generating great interest among fans, and both teams are striving for victory. According to Serderov, he is ready to give his all in this match to help his team.

“Krilya Sovetov” team head coach Magomed Adiev shared his thoughts with media representatives about the squad of the team for the upcoming season of the Russian Premier League. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. Problems are arising in the team due to many players getting injured. According to the specialist, initially the team will play with the same squad, but by the fifth round, the lineup may change completely. It is necessary to balance the team, as the players' preparation levels vary. In the new season, “Krilya Sovetov” will play its first match against the “Akron” team from Togliatti. The match will take place on July 19, Saturday. According to the specialist, the team will try to achieve the best possible results in the new season. Reducing the number of injuries and improving the players' preparation is considered one of the main tasks. Additionally, the coach is paying special attention to optimizing the team composition and taking into account each player's capabilities. This will serve to improve the overall quality of the team's performance.

The press service of the Andijan region's internal affairs department has identified the organization of illegal activities. This was reported by Upl.uz. From July 15 to August 15, 2024, the second phase of preventive measures titled "Safe and Healthy Country" is being conducted in Uzbekistan. Within the framework of this program, internal affairs officials are implementing extensive operational and preventive measures aimed at reducing the level of crime. During the events, a citizen born in 1964, residing in the Pakhtaobod district of Andijan region, was found to have organized gambling in his home. He gathered a group of several people and created all the necessary conditions for conducting gambling games. During the operational event, $1,400, 6,000 Kyrgyz soms, 6,401,000 soums, and various items necessary for gambling were found in this person's home. A criminal case has been initiated under part 1 of the article "Organization and conduct of gambling" of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan regarding this case. The person involved in criminal activities may face up to 7 years of imprisonment

Former player of Moscow "Spartak" team Yevgeniy Lovchev emphasizes that Russian footballers Aleksandr Golovin and Konstantin Tyukavin cannot play for the Spanish club "Barcelona". This was reported by Euro-football.ru. In his opinion, Russian football is lagging behind European football, and the main reason cited is the lack of sufficient matches against European teams. "Can they play in Barcelona? I think not. Our football is behind European football," the expert said, as reported on the "Match TV" channel. Earlier, former Barcelona player Igor Korneev stated that Golovin and Tyukavin could play in the Catalan giant club. Currently, Aleksandr Golovin is active in the French club "Monaco". Konstantin Tyukavin is considered a forward for Moscow "Dinamo". These opinions indicate that Russian football still has a lot of work to do to reach the European level.

Former CSKA defender Vladimir Ponomaryov named the clubs that will compete for the championship in the 2025/2026 season. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. In his opinion, the CSKA team is among the main contenders, and their chances are rated highly. The expert emphasized that CSKA is determined to take first place. At the same time, the "Krasnodar" team may drop to third or fourth place during the season. There is a possibility of problems related to the squad for head coach Semak, which will complicate their competition. Additionally, the "Dinamo" and "Spartak" teams will also fight for the championship. According to Vladimir Ponomaryov, CSKA will secure the championship by the end of the season. It is worth noting that on July 12, CSKA won the Russian Super Cup, defeating "Krasnodar" 1:0. The new season in the Russian Premier League will start on Friday, July 18. In the first match, Moscow "Dinamo" will host Kaliningrad's "Baltika" team at home.

Former midfielder Denis Ugarov expressed his opinion on the transfer of Brazilian midfielder Jerson. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. According to the expert, it is too early to draw a definite conclusion about the new player's level. Ugarov stated that it is necessary to see Jerson's performance on the field, and it is not right to praise him in advance. It is important to observe how the player adapts to the championship. According to Ugarov, moving to 'Zenit' is a significant achievement for Jerson. The St. Petersburg club paid 25 million euros in a one-time payment for the Brazilian player. Jerson previously played for the 'Flamengo' team and has participated in the club championship. This transfer is a major investment for the 'Zenit' team, and the player's future and contribution to the team are still being evaluated. Experts recommend patiently observing the new player.

Apple presented its new flagship smartphones, the iPhone 17 Pro and iPhone 17 Pro Max models, in September. This was reported by Zamin.uz. These devices have been significantly updated not only in terms of internal capabilities but also in appearance. One of the biggest changes is that the rear camera module now spans the entire width of the body. The sensor layout remains the same as before, but the LiDAR and flash are now located on opposite sides. Apple has abandoned the titanium body and returned to an aluminum body. Aluminum dissipates heat 20 times more efficiently than before. The body is fully metal, with a Ceramic Shield glass area on the back for wireless charging. The front panel uses the new Ceramic Shield 2, which is three times stronger. Additionally, an anti-reflective coating has been applied to the screen surface. In terms of internal power, the new Apple A19 Pro chip is installed. It features a 6-core processor and a 6-core graphics processor, and with the second-generation Dynamic Caching technology, it operates 40% faster than before in long-lasting tasks. For the first time in Pro models, a vapor chamber cooling system has been introduced, with the aluminum body aiding this process. The camera system has also been significantly upgraded. Now there are full 48-megapixel main, ultra-wide, and telephoto cameras. The telephoto camera offers 8x optical zoom, as well as 4x mode and 3D stabilization functionality. The front camera is 18 megapixels and equipped with Center Stage technology. Additionally, video recording in ProRes RAW format has been added, which is an important innovation for those engaged in video editing. Regarding battery life, the iPhone 17 Pro model offers 33 hours of video playback, while the iPhone 17 Pro Max works for 39 hours. Charging the devices from 0 to 50 percent takes only 20 minutes. The prices are set as follows: iPhone 17 Pro at $1099, and iPhone 17 Pro Max at $1199. The devices will go on sale from September 19. The color options include Silver, Deep Blue, and Cosmic Orange. New TechWoven cases and Crossbody Strap accessories have been introduced. Whether Apple has truly reached the “Pro” level with these updates is a topic of discussion among users. The new models offer high levels of power and quality, which will help strengthen their position in the market.

A 23-year-old Ukrainian refugee, Irina Zarutska, was stabbed to death on a train in North Carolina. This was reported by Zamin.uz. The police arrested 34-year-old Decarlos Brown, who attacked the woman, and charged him with murder. The incident was recorded on video and widely shared on social media, causing significant public outrage. The city mayor called the incident a failure of the judicial system and promised measures to enhance safety on public transport. Zarutska's family stated that she had fled the war in 2022 and come to the United States, quickly adapting to her new life. She was interested in art, loved animals, and lived happily with her family. The incident also sparked political debates. Some criticized that Brown, despite having been previously convicted of serious crimes, had been released. The state leader called for more effective measures against crime. This event once again prompted discussions in society about safety and justice issues.

Recently, many rumors have been spreading about the relationship between the famous Turkish actress Hande Erchel and entrepreneur Hakan Sabanji. This was reported by Zamin.uz. In particular, news about the couple's divorce has sparked great interest among fans. Hakan Sabanji, who spoke for the first time on the Gel Konuşalım program, responded to the claims regarding their relationship. Although he did not want to talk extensively about his personal life, he clarified some of the rumors. Hakan Sabanji emphasized that he does not want to discuss the issue of divorce because it concerns their private life. He also stated that the rumors about infidelity are completely unfounded. Earlier, Hande Erchel had deleted all photos with Sabanji from her social media pages. This became the basis for reports in the Turkish press about their divorce. The famous journalist Birsen Altuntaş highlighted that there are serious disagreements between the couple, but the official divorce has not yet occurred. Nevertheless, Hande and Hakan still follow each other on social media. While some fans hope for the restoration of their relationship, others speculate that this process might simply be publicity for the media.

Apple company recently introduced the new iPhone 17 smartphone. This was reported by Zamin.uz. As a result of conversations with sellers at the "Malika" market in Tashkent, approximate prices for these new models have been determined. It has been revealed that iPhone 17 smartphones will be available for sale in Uzbekistan starting from September 23. Prices vary depending on the memory capacity and device features. For example, the 256 gigabyte model of the iPhone 17 is estimated to cost around 16 million 250 thousand soms. Models with larger memory capacity are priced higher. The iPhone 17 Pro and Pro Max versions have even more features and capabilities, with prices starting from 23 million soms and approaching 50 million soms. These new smartphones are expected to generate significant interest in the Uzbekistan market. Memory capacity and budget are important factors for buyers when choosing the most suitable option. Additionally, full warranty and service options are expected to be provided at official sales points. The release of the new iPhone 17 models in Uzbekistan will bring innovations and increase competition in the smartphone market.

Domenico Tedesco is one of the main candidates for the position of head coach of the Fenerbahce team. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. The Turkish club is searching for a new head coach after parting ways with Portuguese coach Jose Mourinho. The "Canaries" management has shortlisted Tedesco's name, and the Italian specialist has expressed his readiness to take this position, according to the well-known journalist Nicolo Schira. If everything goes according to plan, the 39-year-old specialist will sign a contract with the major Istanbul club until 2027. Domenico Tedesco's most recent job was with the Belgium national team, where he served as head coach from February 2023 to January 2025. Previously, he worked at major clubs such as RB Leipzig, Moscow Spartak, and Schalke 04. His coaching experience and work with big teams could be a great opportunity for Fenerbahce. The club aims to achieve future successes with the new coach.

Famous footballer Edgar Davids, who played for Juventus in past years, learned that his acquaintance Nabila Habibi committed theft. This was reported by Euro-football.ru. The ad.nl portal provided information about this. According to the publication, Davids found out several years later that his painting collection had been stolen. He had entrusted the collection to a trusted person. For a while, Habibi also lived in his house. While Davids believed the collection was kept in a safe place, Habibi stole 37 paintings, pawned them at various pawnshops, and received approximately 30 thousand euros. In 2017, when Habibi was unable to repay her debts, the pawnshops gained the right to sell the paintings. One of the buyers saw Davids' name on the back of a painting and contacted him through social networks. After that, Davids filed a lawsuit. Habibi admitted to the theft. Earlier, she had faced problems related to criminal cases and had left her acquaintance after taking 3500 euros from him.

An unusual and interesting event took place in the city of Szekszárd, Hungary – the 18th International Grave Digging Championship. This was reported by Zamin.uz. This competition was organized by the country's Grave Diggers Association based on a clear plan and order. The event served to enhance the prestige of the profession. Participants took part in teams of two. They were given two hours. During this time, each team had to dig a grave measuring 200x80 centimeters and 160 centimeters deep. These rules required not only skill but also attention and speed from the participants. At the end of the championship, the Parakletosz Nonprofit team was declared the winner. This team won the championship for the second consecutive year, demonstrating their thorough preparation and high professional level. According to the organizers, such competitions not only raise the prestige of the profession but also introduce the younger generation to professional specialists up close. They also help participants develop teamwork skills and the ability to work in a healthy competitive environment. These events are of great importance for improving professional qualifications and further developing the field.

The general secondary education system in Uzbekistan is undergoing fundamental changes. This was reported by Upl.uz. The country has officially begun implementing a 12-year education model. This was announced by the press service of the Ministry of Preschool and School Education. In the near future, a normative legal document confirming these innovations is expected to be signed. This decision was made as part of a comprehensive program to reform the education sector. The program was presented to the president on September 8 and envisions a systematic renewal of all stages from preschool to higher education. The transition to 12-year education is being carried out to align with international experience. The results of the PISA study conducted in 2022 showed that in 85% of countries considered leaders in education, the number of school years is exactly 12. The introduction of the new model will allow adapting curricula to international standards and also enable students to be well-prepared for subsequent stages of education and vocational training. The updated system structure will be as follows: the first year is designated as a preparatory stage for 6-year-old children, which is considered part of primary education. Primary education will last a total of 5 years, including 1 year of preparation and 4 years of primary school. The next stage is basic general secondary education, covering grades 5 to 9 and lasting 5 years. The final 2 years constitute complete general secondary education, which will be conducted in schools, academic lyceums, specialized military schools, or technical colleges. To ensure a smooth transition process and create the necessary infrastructure, about 3,600 new schools will be built and more than a thousand state kindergartens will be opened. It is precisely in these institutions that the updated preparatory program for the youngest students will be piloted. An interesting point is that information about the transition to 12-year education had been actively discussed on social networks since 2023. However, at that time, the Ministry of Preschool and School Education officially denied these claims, emphasizing that the 11-year education system was in effect. The current decision shows that approaches at the state level have been reconsidered and there is political will to implement large-scale reforms. In the history of independent Uzbekistan, a 12-year education system has existed before. From 2010 to 2017, education was organized based on a 9+3 scheme, where students who completed grade 9 were required to continue their studies at vocational colleges and academic lyceums.