In the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire reached its most flourishing period. This was reported by Upl.uz.
The central figure of this era was Suleiman, known as the Magnificent in the West and as the Lawgiver, or Just, in his homeland. His 46-year reign left a deep mark in history and transformed the empire into one of the most powerful states of its time.
In the United States, a monument to Suleiman is depicted among other great legislators on the facade of the Capitol building, showcasing his significance not only in the East but in the history of the entire world. Suleiman ascended to the throne in 1520 and ruled the Ottoman Empire until 1566.
During this period, he conducted 13 major military campaigns, significantly expanding the territory of the state. His possessions stretched from Hungary to the Persian Gulf, encompassing lands across three continents.
The Turkish naval forces dominated the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and the Indian Ocean, controlling the main trade routes. Despite the pride of European rulers, they often paid tribute to Istanbul to avoid conflict with the powerful sultan.
During Suleiman's reign, the economy of the Ottoman Empire flourished. The state treasury received income from taxes, trade, and military conquests.
Istanbul became one of the largest trade centers in the world, where the routes of Europe, Asia, and Africa intersected. The wealth of the empire allowed for the financing of large projects and strengthened its position.
Suleiman did not stop at military conquests. He aimed to turn the empire into a center of culture and science.
During his reign, the architect Mimar Sinan became a significant figure, creating famous structures that have survived to this day. Among them are the Şehzade Mosque, the magnificent Suleymaniye complex in Istanbul, and the Selimiye complex in Edirne.
These buildings stand out for their beauty and engineering precision. Suleiman also developed the field of education.
Schools and libraries were built in various parts of the empire. The Suleymaniye madrasa in Istanbul became a center for medicine, mathematics, astronomy, and other sciences.
These educational institutions attracted scholars from various corners of the Islamic world, enhancing the scientific reputation of the empire. The Ottoman Empire encompassed many nations, cultures, and religions.
Managing such diversity was not easy, but Suleiman created a legal system that took into account the interests of various groups. Although non-Muslim populations, such as Christians and Jews, were required to pay special taxes, they were granted guaranteed rights.
This system, known as millet, ensured stability in society. Suleiman's laws, famously known as the Kanun, remained in effect in the empire until the early 20th century.
They regulated not only religious and social issues but also economic relations, serving the development of the state. In the West, Suleiman was called the Magnificent, for his reign and the glory of the Ottoman Empire.
In his homeland, he was referred to as the Lawgiver — the Just, emphasizing his contribution to creating a fair legal system. Both titles reflect different facets of his personality: on one hand, he was a great conqueror and patron of the arts, and on the other, a wise ruler who cared for his people.
Suleiman the Magnificent left not only conquered territories but also a cultural and legal legacy. His architectural monuments still attract tourists today, and the laws he created served as a foundation for governing the empire for centuries.
His reign is considered the golden age of the Ottoman Empire and is still remembered with respect.
