A new analytical report prepared by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) analyzed the state of water distribution and usage in Uzbekistan. This was reported by Zamin.uz.
The report emphasizes that the expansion of irrigated lands has seriously disrupted the hydrological balance in the Amu Darya basin. Experts noted that human activity has disturbed the natural flow of the river, which has negatively affected ecosystems.
In particular, the possibilities for restoring water resources during drought periods have decreased. This was reported by upl.uz.
According to the report, the main problem with water distribution in the country is related to infrastructure. Nearly 70 percent of the water is lost before it reaches agricultural lands and farms from the main water channels.
Nevertheless, over the past 12 years, the overall assessment of the water supply system in the republic has remained unchanged, staying around 5 points. It has been observed that water supply stability has also remained unchanged in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan.
However, Tajikistan has achieved positive results in recent years. Between 2020 and 2025, the country's water supply rating increased from 3 to 4 points.
Experts associate this with measures aimed at conserving resources by increasing water consumption tariffs. The report also specifically acknowledges the results in improving water safety in rural areas of Tashkent.
In 2013, the index for access to clean drinking water in rural areas was 6.4 points, and by 2025 this indicator reached 8.2 points. This change has also positively impacted the health of the rural population.
For example, the health indicator of the rural population increased from 7.6 points to 9.2 points over 12 years. According to ADB representatives, significant achievements have been made in water supply and hygiene in Uzbekistan through long-term state investments and intersectoral coordination.
International experts note that proactively considering climate change adaptation measures is crucial for improving quality of life under conditions of water scarcity in the region. Although the Amu Darya is one of the largest rivers in Central Asia, excessive water withdrawal for irrigation has caused it to no longer reach the Aral Sea.
This situation has led to the formation of a new desert—the Aralkum—on the former seabed.
