Air pollution has been found to pose a risk to children's development
Research conducted by scientists at the Global Health Institute in Barselona has determined that exposure to polluted air during childhood weakens the connections between key parts of the brain. This was reported in an article published in the journal Environment International (EI).
Research Findings
Experts identified serious problems related to air pollution by analyzing data from over 3,600 children. In particular, it was found that high levels of air pollution lead to a disruption of functional connections between the cortex and subcortical structures of the brain. This may affect cognitive functions, movement, and emotional regulation.
The level of exposure to pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) and nitrogen oxides (NO₂, NOx) in children was measured. Then, their brain activity was assessed at ages 10 and 14. As a result, it was determined that children exposed to air pollution during the period from birth to three years showed a decrease in connectivity in brain areas responsible for attention and movement control.
Long-term Effects
The lead author of the study, Monika Guxens, emphasized that these changes may persist into adolescence. This indicates that there could be long-term negative effects on the development of children's neural networks.
Additionally, the scientists found that exposure to pollutants during pregnancy could lead to a reduction in the volume of the hippocampus, which is responsible for memory in eight-year-old children. However, compensatory growth has been observed in recent years, indicating brain plasticity.
Measures Against Air Pollution
The researchers emphasized the need to take measures to reduce air pollution in cities and minimize its negative impact on children's development. “Our results confirm that air pollution can have long-term effects on brain activity. This once again highlights the necessity of implementing strict environmental standards,” said research co-author Mishel Kusters.
Previously, scientists had also studied how using smartphones in bed affects sleep quality. Such research helps to better understand the various factors that influence human health.
